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Methodology

2026 Forecast Model

How Akashic Edge rates and forecasts Senate, House, and Governor races. Every forecast page uses the same core model with office-specific parameters.

Offices
3
Senate, House, Governor
Total Races
506
35 + 435 + 36
Simulations
10,000
Per office, correlated wave
Step 1

We rate every race

From Safe Dem to Safe Rep, seven tiers. Each one means something specific about how likely a party is to win.

Four things go into every rating: how the state or district voted for president in 2024, whether there’s an incumbent (and how strong), whether it’s an open seat, and what the national mood looks like right now. We then translate each rating into a specific win probability for the model.

Senate
35 races

Statewide races are most sensitive to national wave effects.

House
435 races

District-level races are more localized. ~130 competitive, ~305 safe.

Governor
36 races

Governors have stronger personal brands; more insulated from national environment.

Step 2

Ratings become numbers

Safe Dem means 99% to win. Safe Rep means 1%. Toss-up sits right at 50-50. Here’s the full table.
Safe D
99%
Likely D
92%
Lean D
78%
Tilt D
60%
Tilt R
40%
Lean R
22%
Likely R
8%
Safe R
1%

The ladder is symmetric — Safe Dem and Safe Rep are mirror images. We calibrated these numbers against how similar rating systems have performed historically, and they’re the same across all three offices.

Step 3

Every possible outcome, counted

We compute the exact odds of every possible seat total — not by random sampling, by doing the math.

Each race is treated as an independent coin flip weighted by its rating. We then add up every combination of wins and losses that could happen across all the races, and get the precise probability of every final seat total. No simulation error, no approximation — runs in under 10ms for all 435 House districts.

Seats not up this cycle just stack on top. Senate D total = locked D seats + D contested wins. Same pattern for governors across all 50 states.

Senate
35 contested races
Majority: 51 of 100 seats
House
435 contested races
Majority: 218 of 435 seats
Governor
36 contested races
Majority: 26 of 50 seats
Step 4

Accounting for a wave

Elections are never truly independent — a Democratic wave lifts every Democrat. We simulate 10,000 versions of the cycle to capture that.

Step 3 assumed every race stood on its own. But a good or bad night for one party tends to be a good or bad night for everyone in that party — a national wave. So we run the whole model 10,000 times, each with a slightly different national environment, and keep track of how often each outcome shows up.

The “wave intensity” control (sigma) sets how wild the simulated environments get. Higher sigma means wider ranges and more possibility for a surprise.

Senate
σ = 1.5

Statewide races are most sensitive to national wave effects.

House
σ = 1

District-level races are more localized. ~130 competitive, ~305 safe.

Governor
σ = 1.2

Governors have stronger personal brands; more insulated from national environment.

Step 5

Try your own scenario

Change a race, see the chamber math update instantly.

Every forecast page has an interactive scenario builder. Flip any race rating — the overall seat distribution recomputes in real time. Want to know what happens if Dems win both Georgia seats? Or if the wind shifts three points? Dial it in, watch the odds move.

The House forecast also lets you play with redistricting. Live probabilities from Polymarket drive the defaults, but you can override any one of them and see what it costs — or wins — for each side.

Sources

Data Sources

All forecast inputs come from public data processed through the Akashic Edge elections database.
  • State/district partisanship: Akashic Edge elections database (165 years of results, county and block-level disaggregation)
  • CD-level presidential margins: Block-level disaggregation of 2024 presidential results onto 120th Congress boundaries
  • Redistricting: State-enacted shapefiles (CA, TX, NC, OH) + UCLA Redistricting Data Hub
  • Prediction markets: Polymarket live probabilities for redistricting outcomes and individual races
  • Polling: Aggregated from FiveThirtyEight, RealClearPolitics, and direct pollster releases
  • Candidate/incumbency: Current as of the latest forecast update