How did Birmingham, AL vote in the 2024 presidential election?

Birmingham, AL voted Republican in 2024 with a margin of R+19.8. Kamala D Harris received 213,834 votes and Donald Trump received 321,600 out of 543,897 total votes cast, a 3.4-point shift toward Republicans from 2020.

What is Birmingham, AL's political history?

Birmingham, AL has 40 presidential elections on record, spanning 1868 to 2024. It has voted Republican in every presidential election since 1972. The largest single-election swing was 82.6 points in 1972.

What are the demographics of Birmingham, AL?

Birmingham, AL has a population of 4,490,373 according to the 2020 Census. The racial composition is 65.1% non-Hispanic white, 3.9% Hispanic, 28.1% Black. About 28% of residents hold a bachelor's degree or higher. Median household income is $52,936.

Which places are most similar to Birmingham, AL?

Based on demographic and electoral similarity analysis, the three most similar metro areas to Birmingham, AL are Baton Rouge, LA, Columbia, SC, Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR. Similarity is computed using a vector embedding of demographic, economic, and electoral characteristics.

Live · Metropolitan area

Birmingham, AL

Jefferson County's urban core anchors Alabama's most competitive metro

The Birmingham metro blends a majority-Black urban center with heavily Republican suburban and exurban counties, producing a persistent split-ticket dynamic that makes Jefferson County a perennial bellwether for statewide margins.

Presidential margin · 2024

Data unavailable for this race.

Race data unavailable

Geography

Race data unavailable

No current race for this office.

2024FIPS 13820

Population4.5M

Median ageU.S. 38.9y

37.6y▼ 1.3

Bachelor's+U.S. 35%

28.1%▼ 6.9

White65.1%
Black28.1%
Hispanic3.9%
Two or more2.0%
Other1.6%
Asian1.2%

Trajectory · 2008–2024

Birmingham, ALBaseline

Cycle2024

Open in Cartographer

Constituent Counties

Open in Cartographer

Similarity Explorer

Similar metro areas

Reads like Baton Rouge, LA, Columbia, SC, and Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR.

8 visible matches

Baton Rouge, LA

Educated rural competitive 2

R+14.8

Similarity score95%

Columbia, SC

Educated rural competitive 2

D+0.2

Similarity score93%

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR

Educated rural competitive 2

R+10.1

Similarity score93%

Greenville-Anderson-Greer, SC

Small-town rural republican 2

R+33.0

Similarity score93%

Indianapolis-Carmel-Greenwood, IN

Educated rural competitive 2

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN

Educated rural competitive 2

R+17.5

Similarity score91%

Jacksonville, FL

Educated rural competitive 2

R+18.3

Similarity score91%

Constituent Geography

Counties in Birmingham, AL

2024 presidential results across the counties that make up this geography.

Sort:

County	Pop.	Margin	Dem	Rep	Total	Share
Jefferson	668K	D+10.4	162,112	131,123	298,704	13.7%
Jefferson	662K	D+10.4	162,112	131,123	298,704	13.7%
Jefferson	662K	D+10.4	162,112	131,123	298,704	13.7%
Jefferson	659K	D+10.4	162,112	131,123	298,704	13.7%
Shelby	230K	R+40.6	33,087	79,666	114,698	5.3%
Shelby	206K	R+40.6	33,087	79,666	114,698	5.3%
Shelby	183K	R+40.6	33,087	79,666	114,698	5.3%
Shelby	143K	R+40.6	33,087	79,666	114,698	5.3%
St. Clair	94K	R+64.0	7,640	35,501	43,526	2.0%
St. Clair	87K	R+64.0	7,640	35,501	43,526	2.0%
St. Clair	78K	R+64.0	7,640	35,501	43,526	2.0%
Walker	71K	R+71.7	4,102	25,464	29,786	1.4%
Walker	69K	R+71.7	4,102	25,464	29,786	1.4%
Walker	66K	R+71.7	4,102	25,464	29,786	1.4%
Walker	65K	R+71.7	4,102	25,464	29,786	1.4%
St. Clair	65K	R+64.0	7,640	35,501	43,526	2.0%
Blount	60K	R+80.9	2,576	25,354	28,163	1.3%
Blount	58K	R+80.9	2,576	25,354	28,163	1.3%
Blount	57K	R+80.9	2,576	25,354	28,163	1.3%
Blount	51K	R+80.9	2,576	25,354	28,163	1.3%
Chilton	46K	R+72.0	2,698	16,920	19,763	0.9%
Chilton	44K	R+72.0	2,698	16,920	19,763	0.9%
Chilton	42K	R+72.0	2,698	16,920	19,763	0.9%
Chilton	40K	R+72.0	2,698	16,920	19,763	0.9%
Bibb	23K	R+64.3	1,619	7,572	9,257	0.4%
Bibb	22K	R+64.3	1,619	7,572	9,257	0.4%
Bibb	21K	R+64.3	1,619	7,572	9,257	0.4%
Bibb	21K	R+64.3	1,619	7,572	9,257	0.4%

28 countiesTotal votes: 2,175,588

Historian Query

Ask the Historian

Explore Birmingham, AL's political evolution with the Historian

“How has the Birmingham, AL metro area voted in presidential elections?”

Race & Ancestry

Who Lives Here

A race-first Census view with ancestry expansion where source coverage is strong enough to support detail.

Birmingham, ALCensus ACS 2024Ancestry detail available

Census race profile

Major Census race and ethnicity groups shown as a share of total population.

Expand rows for ancestry detail

White (Non-Hispanic) 65.1%Black 28.1%Hispanic 3.9%Multiracial 1.4%Asian 1.2%

Group	Birmingham, AL	National
▶White (Non-Hispanic)(13)	65.1%	57.4%
▶Black / African American(12)	28.1%	12.2%
▶Hispanic / Latino(17)	3.9%	19.3%
Multiracial / Other	1.4%	4.0%
▶Asian(6)	1.2%	6.0%
▶Middle Eastern / North African(8)	0.5%	0.9%
▶Native American / Alaska Native(2)	0.3%	0.9%

Method notes

Census treats race and Hispanic/Latino origin as separate questions. Race categories other than Hispanic reflect total populations (small Hispanic overlap in Black, Asian, AIAN, NHPI). “Multiracial / Other” is derived as a non-overlapping remainder.

Click rows to expand ancestry detail. Ancestry from ACS B04006, B03001, B02020, B02016. Totals may differ from race — individuals can report multiple ancestries.

Black / African American (estimated remainder) is derived as Black population share minus reported Sub-Saharan African and West Indian ancestry. It is shown as an estimated ancestry detail, not a standalone Census ancestry category.

MENA estimated from ancestry reporting — Census does not have a separate MENA race category. Not shown in bar (overlaps with other race groups).

Religious Adherents

Population that are religious adherents:

68.1%(806.6K people)

U.S. Religion Census 2020

Browse all religions

Catholic-Evangelical edge: -62.4pp (vs national 4.5pp). A strongly Evangelical-leaning religious profile, which nationally correlates with Republican-leaning rural and exurban communities.

Ecological pattern — how to read this

Reflects patterns in counties where this religious tradition concentrates — not a claim about individual voters.

Values are derived by joining Religion Census 2020 (U.S. Religion Data Archive) with certified election results at the county level. That means we know what counties with more or fewer of this group did — not how any individual voted.

This is known as ecological inference. It is a valid way to surface geographic correlation but must not be read as a personal-vote claim about anyone in the group.

Tradition	% Pop	% Adherents	US Pop	US Adherents
Evangelical Protestant	44.1%	64.7%	—	—
Black Protestant	9.5%	14.0%	—	—
Mainline Protestant	7.1%	10.4%	—	—
Catholic	4.6%	6.8%	—	—
Other	2.7%	3.9%	—	—
LDS (Mormon)	0.6%	0.9%	—	—
Orthodox Christian	0.1%	0.2%	—	—
Non-religiousPopulation	31.9%	—	—	—

Click the chevron to expand denominations. Tradition and denomination rows label both share of total population and share of all religious adherents. Non-religious is shown as a share of total population only.

Explore Evangelical Protestant adherence nationally

Who lives in the Birmingham, AL metro area? 4,490,373 residents across 28 counties.

Demographic Comparison

Demographics

Read this geography's profile in three layers: local, state (where available), and national baseline.

Export CSVPro

Birmingham, AL vs National4.5M residents

Population & electorate

Scale, voting-age share, and this geography's footprint inside the national electorate.

Total population

Local vs state vs U.S.

4.5M

local

4.5MNational 334.9M

Share of U.S. population

Local vs state vs U.S.

1.34%

local

1.34%National 100%

Voting-age population

Local vs state vs U.S.

38.6%

local

38.6%National 75.7%

Economic profile

Income, attainment, and ownership indicators that often shape coalition structure and turnout behavior.

Median household income

Local vs state vs U.S.

$52,936

local

$52,936National $83,960

Poverty rate

Local vs state vs U.S.

14.3%

local

14.3%National 12.5%

College degree

Local vs state vs U.S.

28.1%

local

28.1%National 35.6%

Homeownership

Local vs state vs U.S.

70.9%

local

70.9%National 65.2%

Community profile

Age structure, language use, and nativity signals that explain how this geography differs from state and nation.

Median age

Local vs state vs U.S.

37.6 yrs

local

37.6 yrsNational 39.1 yrs

Age 18–29

Local vs state vs U.S.

11.9%

local

11.9%National 15.7%

Age 65+

Local vs state vs U.S.

11.4%

local

11.4%National 17.0%

Foreign born

Local vs state vs U.S.

3.6%

local

3.6%National 14.1%

Non-English at home

Local vs state vs U.S.

5.6%

local

5.6%National 22.2%

English only

Local vs state vs U.S.

94.4%

local

94.4%National 77.8%

Voter Turnout

Turnout in Birmingham, AL

Turnout % = votes cast ÷ citizen voting-age population (CVAP). Source: CVAP Special Tab 2020-2024.

2024 Turnout

61.5%

vs Previous

-3.3pp

Eligible Non-Voters

340K · 38.5%

Citizen VAP

884,015

History

1988–2024

Ticket-Splitting

Do voters in Birmingham, AL split their tickets?

Divergence between offices in the same election reveals persuadable voters.

ConsistencyHeavy splitting (13/100)

2022 Office Comparisons

Offices	Margin A	Margin B	Split
Senate vs Governor	R+24.2	R+26.6	2.4pp

Average divergence across office pairs: 15.3pp

Containing Geography

Located In

Birmingham, AL sits inside these higher-level geographies.

Alabama(State)

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