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Houston

A Sun Belt colossus reshaped by three decades of migration

The Houston media market anchors the country's most ethnically diverse major metro, where Latino, Asian-American, and Black voters together outnumber non-Hispanic white voters — a demographic tilt that has steadily compressed Republican margins in Harris County since 2016.

Presidential margin · 2024
Data unavailable for this race.
Race data unavailable
Geography
Race data unavailable
No current race for this office.
2024FIPS 618
Population25.6M
Median ageU.S. 38.9y
34.1y▼ 4.8
Bachelor's+U.S. 35%
30.3%▼ 4.7
  • White40.5%
  • Hispanic34.1%
  • Black16.9%
  • Other10.0%
  • Two or more8.1%
  • Asian6.5%
  • Native0.5%
Trajectory · 2008–2024
HoustonBaseline
Reagan → Bush IIObama → TrumpR+20R+1002020D+5R+20
Cycle2024
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Constituent Counties

Open in Cartographer
Similarity Explorer

Similar media markets

Reads like Dallas-Fort Worth, San Antonio, and Los Angeles.
8 visible matches
Constituent Geography

Counties in Houston

2024 presidential results across the counties that make up this geography.
Sort:
CountyPop.MarginDemRepTotalShare
Harris4.8M
D+5.5
808,771722,6951,557,48413.9%
Harris4.4M
D+5.5
808,771722,6951,557,48413.9%
Harris3.9M
D+5.5
808,771722,6951,557,48413.9%
Harris3.4M
D+5.5
808,771722,6951,557,48413.9%
Fort Bend894K
D+1.6
179,310173,592362,5243.2%
Montgomery684K
R+45.5
82,277221,964307,2582.7%
Fort Bend684K
D+1.6
179,310173,592362,5243.2%
Montgomery519K
R+45.5
82,277221,964307,2582.7%
Fort Bend508K
D+1.6
179,310173,592362,5243.2%
Montgomery412K
R+45.5
82,277221,964307,2582.7%
Brazoria391K
R+19.7
63,97695,867162,0461.4%
Galveston359K
R+27.4
56,732100,295158,9961.4%
Fort Bend354K
D+1.6
179,310173,592362,5243.2%
Brazoria338K
R+19.7
63,97695,867162,0461.4%
Galveston314K
R+27.4
56,732100,295158,9961.4%
Montgomery294K
R+45.5
82,277221,964307,2582.7%
Brazoria292K
R+19.7
63,97695,867162,0461.4%
Galveston282K
R+27.4
56,732100,295158,9961.4%
Galveston250K
R+27.4
56,732100,295158,9961.4%
Brazoria242K
R+19.7
63,97695,867162,0461.4%
Liberty103K
R+61.6
5,95225,24131,3230.3%
Walker80K
R+39.9
7,46117,51525,1750.2%
Liberty79K
R+61.6
5,95225,24131,3230.3%
Liberty75K
R+61.6
5,95225,24131,3230.3%
Liberty70K
R+61.6
5,95225,24131,3230.3%
Walker70K
R+39.9
7,46117,51525,1750.2%
Walker64K
R+39.9
7,46117,51525,1750.2%
Walker62K
R+39.9
7,46117,51525,1750.2%
Waller62K
R+25.0
10,18317,07727,5610.2%
Polk53K
R+58.9
4,91019,21624,2920.2%
Chambers51K
R+65.6
4,19220,56724,9730.2%
Waller47K
R+25.0
10,18317,07727,5610.2%
Polk47K
R+58.9
4,91019,21624,2920.2%
Polk46K
R+58.9
4,91019,21624,2920.2%
Wharton42K
R+51.8
3,91012,43916,4530.1%
Wharton41K
R+51.8
3,91012,43916,4530.1%
Wharton41K
R+51.8
3,91012,43916,4530.1%
Polk41K
R+58.9
4,91019,21624,2920.2%
Wharton41K
R+51.8
3,91012,43916,4530.1%
Chambers38K
R+65.6
4,19220,56724,9730.2%
Matagorda38K
R+50.5
3,2319,95713,3120.1%
Matagorda37K
R+50.5
3,2319,95713,3120.1%
Matagorda37K
R+50.5
3,2319,95713,3120.1%
Washington37K
R+54.7
4,05814,02018,2170.2%
Matagorda36K
R+50.5
3,2319,95713,3120.1%
Waller36K
R+25.0
10,18317,07727,5610.2%
Washington35K
R+54.7
4,05814,02018,2170.2%
Waller33K
R+25.0
10,18317,07727,5610.2%
Washington32K
R+54.7
4,05814,02018,2170.2%
Grimes31K
R+60.2
2,73411,19714,0510.1%
Austin31K
R+62.7
2,81612,45715,3830.1%
Washington30K
R+54.7
4,05814,02018,2170.2%
Chambers29K
R+65.6
4,19220,56724,9730.2%
Austin29K
R+62.7
2,81612,45715,3830.1%
San Jacinto28K
R+65.3
2,17510,52412,7890.1%
San Jacinto27K
R+65.3
2,17510,52412,7890.1%
Grimes27K
R+60.2
2,73411,19714,0510.1%
Austin27K
R+62.7
2,81612,45715,3830.1%
Chambers26K
R+65.6
4,19220,56724,9730.2%
Grimes26K
R+60.2
2,73411,19714,0510.1%
San Jacinto25K
R+65.3
2,17510,52412,7890.1%
Austin24K
R+62.7
2,81612,45715,3830.1%
Grimes24K
R+60.2
2,73411,19714,0510.1%
San Jacinto22K
R+65.3
2,17510,52412,7890.1%
Calhoun22K
R+52.2
1,8535,9397,8320.1%
Colorado21K
R+57.2
2,1087,8249,9940.1%
Colorado21K
R+57.2
2,1087,8249,9940.1%
Calhoun21K
R+52.2
1,8535,9397,8320.1%
Colorado21K
R+57.2
2,1087,8249,9940.1%
Colorado20K
R+57.2
2,1087,8249,9940.1%
Calhoun20K
R+52.2
1,8535,9397,8320.1%
Calhoun20K
R+52.2
1,8535,9397,8320.1%
Jackson15K
R+70.8
9075,3866,3290.1%
Jackson15K
R+70.8
9075,3866,3290.1%
Jackson14K
R+70.8
9075,3866,3290.1%
Trinity14K
R+67.0
1,1956,1367,3740.1%
Jackson14K
R+70.8
9075,3866,3290.1%
Trinity14K
R+67.0
1,1956,1367,3740.1%
Trinity14K
R+67.0
1,1956,1367,3740.1%
Trinity14K
R+67.0
1,1956,1367,3740.1%
80 countiesTotal votes: 11,213,464
Historian Query

Ask the Historian

Explore Houston's political evolution with the Historian
Race & Ancestry

Who Lives Here

A race-first Census view with ancestry expansion where source coverage is strong enough to support detail.
HoustonCensus ACS 2024Ancestry detail available
Census race profile
Major Census race and ethnicity groups shown as a share of total population.
Expand rows for ancestry detail
White (Non-Hispanic) 40.5%Hispanic 34.1%Black 16.9%Asian 6.5%Multiracial 1.4%Native American 0.5%
GroupHoustonNational
▶White (Non-Hispanic)(13)
40.5%57.4%
▶Hispanic / Latino(20)
34.1%19.3%
▶Black / African American(14)
16.9%12.2%
▶Asian(6)
6.5%6.0%
Multiracial / Other
1.4%4.0%
▶Middle Eastern / North African(10)
1.0%0.9%
▶Native American / Alaska Native(3)
0.5%0.9%
Method notes

Census treats race and Hispanic/Latino origin as separate questions. Race categories other than Hispanic reflect total populations (small Hispanic overlap in Black, Asian, AIAN, NHPI). “Multiracial / Other” is derived as a non-overlapping remainder.

Click rows to expand ancestry detail. Ancestry from ACS B04006, B03001, B02020, B02016. Totals may differ from race — individuals can report multiple ancestries.

Black / African American (estimated remainder) is derived as Black population share minus reported Sub-Saharan African and West Indian ancestry. It is shown as an estimated ancestry detail, not a standalone Census ancestry category.

MENA estimated from ancestry reporting — Census does not have a separate MENA race category. Not shown in bar (overlaps with other race groups).

Religious Adherents

Population that are religious adherents:
52.7%(4.1M people)
U.S. Religion Census 2020
Browse all religions

Catholic-Evangelical edge: -14.3pp (vs national 4.5pp). A strongly Evangelical-leaning religious profile, which nationally correlates with Republican-leaning rural and exurban communities.

Ecological pattern — how to read this

Reflects patterns in counties where this religious tradition concentrates — not a claim about individual voters.

Values are derived by joining Religion Census 2020 (U.S. Religion Data Archive) with certified election results at the county level. That means we know what counties with more or fewer of this group did — not how any individual voted.

This is known as ecological inference. It is a valid way to surface geographic correlation but must not be read as a personal-vote claim about anyone in the group.

Tradition% Pop% AdherentsUS PopUS Adherents
Evangelical Protestant
22.8%43.3%——
Catholic
17.6%33.5%——
Other
5.1%9.8%——
Mainline Protestant
4.6%8.8%——
Black Protestant
2.2%4.1%——
LDS (Mormon)
1.1%2.2%——
Orthodox Christian
0.3%0.5%——
Non-religiousPopulation
47.3%———
Click the chevron to expand denominations. Tradition and denomination rows label both share of total population and share of all religious adherents. Non-religious is shown as a share of total population only.
Explore Evangelical Protestant adherence nationally

Who lives in the Houston media market? 25,560,522 residents across 80 counties.

Demographic Comparison

Demographics

Read this geography's profile in three layers: local, state (where available), and national baseline.
Export CSVPro
Houston vs National25.6M residents
Population & electorate

Scale, voting-age share, and this geography's footprint inside the national electorate.

Total population
Local vs state vs U.S.
25.6M
local
25.6MNational 334.9M
Share of U.S. population
Local vs state vs U.S.
7.63%
local
7.63%National 100%
Voting-age population
Local vs state vs U.S.
41.4%
local
41.4%National 75.7%
Economic profile

Income, attainment, and ownership indicators that often shape coalition structure and turnout behavior.

Median household income
Local vs state vs U.S.
$62,568
local
$62,568National $83,960
Poverty rate
Local vs state vs U.S.
14.6%
local
14.6%National 12.5%
College degree
Local vs state vs U.S.
30.3%
local
30.3%National 35.6%
Homeownership
Local vs state vs U.S.
61.8%
local
61.8%National 65.2%
Community profile

Age structure, language use, and nativity signals that explain how this geography differs from state and nation.

Median age
Local vs state vs U.S.
34.1 yrs
local
34.1 yrsNational 39.1 yrs
Age 18–29
Local vs state vs U.S.
13.4%
local
13.4%National 15.7%
Age 65+
Local vs state vs U.S.
8.6%
local
8.6%National 17.0%
Foreign born
Local vs state vs U.S.
21.4%
local
21.4%National 14.1%
Non-English at home
Local vs state vs U.S.
35.9%
local
35.9%National 22.2%
English only
Local vs state vs U.S.
64.1%
local
64.1%National 77.8%
Voter Turnout

Turnout in Houston

Turnout % = votes cast ÷ citizen voting-age population (CVAP). Source: CVAP Special Tab 2020-2024.
2024 Turnout
57.5%
vs Previous
-0.4pp
Eligible Non-Voters
2.1M · 42.5%
Citizen VAP
4,872,680
History
1988–2024
Ticket-Splitting

Do voters in Houston split their tickets?

Divergence between offices in the same election reveals persuadable voters.
ConsistencyModerate splitting (70/100)
2024 Office Comparisons
OfficesMargin AMargin BSplit
President vs SenateR+9.3R+3.95.4pp
Average divergence across office pairs: 6.8pp
Containing Geography

Located In

Houston sits inside these higher-level geographies.
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