state senate districtAlabama 31st State Senate District
presidential margin
2004–2024 · Democratic minus Republican
2004R+46.2
2008R+44.1
2012R+44.3
2016R+52.4
2020R+50.7
2024R+56.1
net swing · 2004→2024R+9.9R+46.2 → R+56.1
vs. U.S. · 2024R+54.6R+56.1 vs R+1.5
presidential returns
2024 turnout 55.2% of 104,509 citizens 18+
Year
Democrat
Republican
Others
Total
CVAP
Turnout
2024
12,427
44,804
479
57,710
104,509
55.2%
2020
14,154
43,945
651
58,750
103,292†
56.9%
2016
12,298
40,992
1,483
54,773
102,538†
53.4%
2012
14,798
38,774
536
54,108
100,075†
54.1%
2008
15,073
39,482
786
55,341
94,832†
58.4%
2004
13,015
35,653
339
49,007
89,590†
54.7%
† Citizen voting-age population estimated for prior cycles from the constituent-county ACS trend anchored to the current figure. Source: ACS 5-year, table B05003.
——
D+60R+60
20042024
Boundary by 2024 margin · Precinct returns · VEST · MIT Election Lab
People and households
Who lives here
Exact values for this place, its state, and the United States.
Race · ethnicity · ancestry
Communities and origins
GroupAL SD 31AlabamaUnited States
American11.8%12.8%5.3%
English10.9%12.1%9.5%
Irish7.6%8.0%9.4%
German6.3%6.4%12.5%
Scottish1.6%2.0%1.3%
Italian1.2%1.7%4.8%
French1.2%1.1%1.6%
Scotch-Irish0.9%1.2%—
African American†19.2%24.6%9.9%
Mexican2.9%3.2%11.3%
Puerto Rican1.2%0.5%1.8%
Cuban0.2%0.2%0.7%
Honduran0.2%—0.3%
Chinese0.4%0.2%1.3%
Korean0.3%0.2%0.4%
Hispanic or Latino counts residents of any race; the race groups count only their non-Hispanic residents, so the groups are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%. Expand a row to see ancestries reported within that group.
Age and life stage
Measure
AL SD 31
Alabama
United States
Median age
38
39.4
39.1
Age 18–24
11.0%
9.4%
9.2%
Age 65 and older
18.3%
17.7%
17.2%
Household economy
Measure
AL SD 31
Alabama
United States
Median household income
$59,617
$63,999
$84,427
Poverty rate
18.4%
15.6%
12.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher (25+)
22.0%
28.5%
35.6%
Languages at home
Measure
AL SD 31
Alabama
United States
Speaks a non-English language at home
5.3%
6.1%
22.3%
Spanish
3.4%
3.9%
13.6%
Religious landscape
Measure
AL SD 31
Alabama
United States
Catholic
—
5.0%
18.6%
Evangelical Protestant
—
42.2%
16.5%
Unclaimed / not counted
—
36.6%
51.5%
American Community Survey 2024 5-year (CVAP, income, age, poverty, education, language, race, ancestry) · presidential returns from MIT Election Lab through 2024 · 2020 U.S. Religion Census (ASARB) — congregational adherents; unclaimed is the residual not counted by congregations.
Alabama 31st State Senate District
presidential history
Presidential margin, 2004–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over time
Year
Margin (D minus R)
2004
−46.2%
2008
−44.1%
2012
−44.3%
2016
−52.4%
2020
−50.7%
2024
−56.1%
DemocraticRepublican
6 presidential elections
Third column names the leading third-party or independent finisher. Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024). Swing · margin change from the prior cycle. vs U.S. · margin relative to the national result that year. Third-party votes in 2012 are allocated from certified county totals by this place's share of each county's two-party vote — that cycle's precinct source records two-party splits. † 2004 sub-county results are estimated: the source's block-level detail for this cycle was unreliable — either county/municipality-level consolidated reporting (COVID-era) or a precinct-to-block allocation that misplaced votes — so the figures are allocated from the constituent county totals in proportion to the place and scaled to certified totals.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Other
Margin
Swing
vs U.S.
Total
R
21.5%Harris12,427
77.6%Trump44,804
0.8%
R+56.1
R+5.4
R+54.6
57,710
R
24.1%Biden14,154
74.8%Trump43,945
1.1%
R+50.7
D+1.7
R+55.2
58,750
R
22.5%Clinton12,298
74.8%Trump40,992
2.7%
R+52.4
R+8.1
R+54.5
54,773
R
27.3%Obama14,798
71.7%Romney38,774
1.0%
R+44.3
R+0.2
R+48.2
54,108
R
27.2%Obama15,073
71.3%McCain39,482
1.4%
R+44.1
D+2.1
R+51.4
55,341
R
26.6%Kerry13,015
72.8%Bush35,653
0.7%
R+46.2
—
R+43.7
49,007
current representation
Current officeholders
RJosh CarnleyState Senate · 31
State legislative officeholder from OpenStates nightly current-legislator data.
With a 2024 presidential margin of R+57.8, this district ranks among the most partisan in the state. Its electorate is predominantly rural, and statewide candidates rarely contest it seriously.
Across the recorded series it reached a Republican high of 56.1 points in 2024. Between 2020 and 2024 the district moved 5.4 points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was 56.1 points.
A population of 137,008, a 69% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $59,617 describe the district. The district's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of State Senate District 19 and State Senate District 36.
Akashic
Political twins — state-senate districts
The state-senate districts whose fingerprint — 2000–2024 trajectory, demographics, ancestry, religion — sits closest to this one, and why.
Twin score (0–100) = weighted cosine between tier-standardized fingerprints: presidential margins 2000–2024 with 12-yr trend and elasticity, ACS income, age, education, population and race, top reported ancestries, and religious adherence — chips name the closest-shared dimensions and the widest gap. Re-weight the groups in the twins explorer.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
Cite this page
All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Alabama 31st State Senate District. Akashic. https://akashic.app/sld-upper/01031/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
How did Alabama 31st State Senate District vote in 2024?
In 2024, Alabama 31st State Senate District voted Republican by 56.1 points (R+56.1), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 57,710 votes cast, 12,427 went Democratic and 44,804 went Republican.
How many people live in Alabama 31st State Senate District?
Alabama 31st State Senate District has a population of 137,008 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Alabama 31st State Senate District?
Median household income in Alabama 31st State Senate District is $59,617 — below the national median of $80,734. The Alabama state median is $63,999.
What is the political history of Alabama 31st State Senate District?
Akashic tracks 6 presidential elections in Alabama 31st State Senate District from 2004 to 2024. Of those, 0 went Democratic and 6 went Republican.
