† Citizen voting-age population estimated for prior cycles; 2004 predates the ACS and is extrapolated. Source: ACS 5-year, table B05003.
——
D+60R+60
3 counties by 2024 margin · County returns · MIT Election Lab
People and households
Who lives here
Exact values for this place, its state, and the United States.
Race · ethnicity · ancestry
Communities and origins
GroupColumbia, MOMissouriUnited States
German24.1%21.3%12.5%
English14.6%11.9%9.5%
Irish12.1%11.8%9.4%
American5.9%6.8%5.3%
Italian2.8%3.2%4.8%
Scottish2.2%1.8%1.3%
French1.8%2.2%1.6%
Polish1.2%1.3%2.2%
African American†7.9%10.0%9.9%
African0.3%0.3%0.5%
Nigerian0.2%—0.2%
Mexican2.8%3.2%11.3%
Puerto Rican0.2%0.4%1.8%
Peruvian0.2%——
Spanish0.2%——
Chinese1.0%0.4%1.3%
Asian Indian0.9%0.6%1.4%
Korean0.4%—0.4%
Vietnamese0.3%0.2%0.6%
Cambodian0.3%——
Filipino0.3%0.2%0.9%
Nepalese0.2%——
Hispanic or Latino counts residents of any race; the race groups count only their non-Hispanic residents, so the groups are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%. Expand a row to see ancestries reported within that group.
Age and life stage
Measure
Columbia, MO
Missouri
United States
Median age
33.6
39.2
39.1
Age 18–24
17.9%
9.2%
9.2%
Age 65 and older
14.2%
17.9%
17.2%
Household economy
Measure
Columbia, MO
Missouri
United States
Median household income
$72,269
$70,702
$84,427
Poverty rate
16.0%
12.6%
12.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher (25+)
48.2%
32.4%
35.6%
Languages at home
Measure
Columbia, MO
Missouri
United States
Speaks a non-English language at home
8.2%
6.7%
22.3%
Spanish
2.5%
2.9%
13.6%
Other Indo-European
1.0%
0.6%
2.0%
Other Asian & Pacific Island
1.1%
0.5%
1.1%
Religious landscape
Measure
Columbia, MO
Missouri
United States
Catholic
7.2%
12.5%
18.6%
Evangelical Protestant
19.4%
24.1%
16.5%
Unclaimed / not counted
61.2%
51.7%
51.5%
Mainline Protestant
6.3%
5.7%
5.2%
American Community Survey 2024 5-year (CVAP, income, age, poverty, education, language, race, ancestry) · presidential returns from MIT Election Lab through 2024 · 2020 U.S. Religion Census (ASARB) — congregational adherents; unclaimed is the residual not counted by congregations.
Columbia, MO
presidential history
Presidential margin, 1892–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over time
Year
Margin (D minus R)
1892
+30.0%
1896
+32.7%
1900
+29.8%
1904
+23.8%
1908
+27.2%
1912
+35.1%
1916
+28.2%
1920
+20.2%
1924
+25.9%
1928
+18.3%
1932
+45.7%
1936
+35.4%
1940
+23.7%
1944
+22.1%
1948
+29.3%
1952
+6.8%
1956
+6.4%
1960
+4.1%
1964
+28.3%
1968
−2.5%
1972
−16.7%
1976
+3.8%
1980
+1.9%
1984
−17.4%
1988
+1.3%
1992
+10.7%
1996
+5.2%
2000
−2.2%
2004
−4.2%
2008
+7.8%
2012
−1.4%
2016
−0.8%
2020
+5.0%
2024
+2.4%
DemocraticRepublican
34 presidential elections
Third column names the leading third-party or independent finisher. Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024). Swing · margin change from the prior cycle. vs U.S. · margin relative to the national result that year.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Other
Margin
Swing
vs U.S.
Total
D
50.2%Harris52,140
47.7%Trump49,600
1.1%Oliver1,158 +4
D+2.4
R+2.6
D+3.9
103,901
All 7 candidates in 2024 · 5 minor / independent
Kamala D HarrisDemocratic50.2%52,140
Donald J TrumpRepublican47.7%49,600
Chase OliverLibertarian1.1%1,158
Jill SteinIndependent0.8%868
Peter SonskiIndependent0.1%109
Claudia De La CruzIndependent0.0%24
Shiva AyyaduraiIndependent0.0%2
D
51.1%Biden53,726
46.1%Trump48,471
2.8%
D+5.0
D+5.8
D+0.5
105,111
R
45.8%Clinton44,340
46.6%Trump45,101
7.5%
R+0.8
D+0.6
R+2.9
96,722
R
48.0%Obama44,044
49.4%Romney45,308
2.7%
R+1.4
R+9.2
R+5.2
91,800
D
53.1%Obama52,094
45.3%McCain44,459
1.6%
D+7.8
D+12.0
D+0.5
98,132
R
47.5%Kerry42,015
51.7%Bush45,774
0.8%
R+4.2
R+2.0
R+1.8
88,475
R
47.0%Gore33,322
49.2%Bush34,912
3.8%
R+2.2
R+7.4
R+2.8
70,911
D
47.4%Clinton29,751
42.2%Dole26,492
10.4%
D+5.2
R+5.5
R+3.3
62,752
D
44.5%Clinton30,970
33.8%Bush23,525
21.8%
D+10.7
D+9.3
D+5.1
69,672
D
50.5%Dukakis29,326
49.2%Bush28,550
0.3%
D+1.3
D+18.8
D+9.1
58,046
R
41.3%Mondale23,597
58.7%Reagan33,563
0.0%
R+17.4
R+19.4
D+0.8
57,160
D
46.7%Carter23,457
44.8%Reagan22,488
8.5%
D+1.9
R+1.9
D+11.7
50,240
D
50.9%Carter23,530
47.1%Ford21,757
2.0%
D+3.8
D+20.5
D+1.8
46,196
R
41.6%McGovern18,039
58.4%Nixon25,273
0.0%
R+16.7
R+14.2
D+6.5
43,312
R
44.7%Humphrey16,902
47.2%Nixon17,857
8.1%
R+2.5
R+30.8
R+1.8
37,811
D
64.1%Johnson22,466
35.9%Goldwater12,564
0.0%
D+28.3
D+24.2
D+5.7
35,030
D
52.1%Kennedy18,674
47.9%Nixon17,200
0.0%
D+4.1
R+2.3
D+3.9
35,874
D
53.2%Stevenson17,457
46.8%Eisenhower15,369
0.0%
D+6.4
R+0.5
D+21.8
32,826
D
53.3%Stevenson17,316
46.5%Eisenhower15,093
0.2%
D+6.8
R+22.4
D+17.6
32,462
D
64.3%Truman18,208
35.0%Dewey9,921
0.7%
D+29.3
D+7.1
D+24.8
28,314
D
61.0%Roosevelt17,391
38.8%Dewey11,074
0.2%
D+22.1
R+1.6
D+14.7
28,524
D
61.7%Roosevelt20,991
38.0%Willkie12,922
0.3%
D+23.7
R+11.7
D+13.8
34,009
D
67.5%Roosevelt21,755
32.1%Landon10,349
0.3%
D+35.4
R+10.3
D+11.1
32,215
D
72.4%Roosevelt22,401
26.7%Hoover8,273
0.9%
D+45.7
D+27.3
D+27.9
30,942
D
59.1%Smith17,287
40.8%Hoover11,924
0.2%
D+18.3
R+7.6
D+35.8
29,255
D
61.9%Davis17,486
36.0%Coolidge10,175
2.1%
D+25.9
D+5.7
D+51.1
28,245
D
59.9%Cox17,140
39.6%Harding11,353
0.5%
D+20.2
R+8.0
D+46.4
28,634
D
63.7%Wilson11,004
35.5%Hughes6,131
0.8%
D+28.2
R+6.9
D+25.1
17,275
D
63.4%Wilson10,143
28.2%Taft4,516
8.4%
D+35.1
D+8.0
D+15.6
16,011
D
63.2%Bryan10,480
36.0%Taft5,969
0.8%
D+27.2
D+3.4
D+36.7
16,588
D
61.2%Parker9,534
37.4%Roosevelt5,823
1.4%
D+23.8
R+6.0
D+43.5
15,579
D
64.0%Bryan10,683
34.2%McKinley5,705
1.8%
D+29.8
R+2.9
D+37.4
16,686
D
66.1%Bryan11,420
33.4%McKinley5,769
0.5%
D+32.7
D+2.7
D+38.8
17,281
D
63.0%Cleveland9,108
33.0%Harrison4,769
4.1%
D+30.0
—
D+28.3
14,467
Congressional elections · 3 Senate races
U.S. Senate
Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Total
2024
D
51.8%53,406
45.5%46,847
103,008
2022
D
52.7%38,557
44.7%32,667
73,110
2018
D
53.1%45,913
43.9%37,957
86,427
voter registration
Registered voters
Total registered voters, over time
Registered voters
Voter registration in Columbia, MO
Year
Total registered
2016
149,765
2018
140,452
2020
150,326
2022
139,867
2024
143,622
domestic migration
Who moves in and out
Net domestic migration over time
−389 net domestic migration · 2025
20112025
Net +3,818 over 2011–2025 · gain loss
Domestic migration in Columbia, MO in Columbia, MO: net domestic migration by year
Year
Net domestic migration
2011
+1,098
2012
+763
2013
+649
2014
−238
2015
+3
2016
+268
2017
−39
2018
−424
2019
0
2021
+1,134
2022
+546
2023
+577
2024
−130
2025
−389
Home to the University of Missouri, Columbia's Boone County posts notably higher Democratic margins than surrounding Ozark and agricultural counties, making it an isolated blue island in central Missouri's otherwise lopsided congressional map.
Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of 45.7 points in 1932 and a Republican high of 17.4 points in 1984. Between 2020 and 2024 the metro moved 2.6 points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was 2.4 points.
A population of 215,014, a 77% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $72,269 describe the metro. The metro's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Lawrence, KS and Bloomington, IN.
Akashic
Political twins — metros
The metros whose fingerprint — 2000–2024 trajectory, demographics, ancestry, religion — sits closest to this one, and why.
Twin score (0–100) = weighted cosine between tier-standardized fingerprints: presidential margins 2000–2024 with 12-yr trend and elasticity, ACS income, age, education, population and race, top reported ancestries, and religious adherence — chips name the closest-shared dimensions and the widest gap. Re-weight the groups in the twins explorer.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
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All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Columbia, MO, Missouri. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cbsa/17860/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
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In 2024, Columbia, MO, Missouri voted Democratic by 2.4 points (D+2.4), carried by the Democratic candidate. Out of 103,901 votes cast, 52,140 went Democratic and 49,600 went Republican.
When did Columbia, MO, Missouri last vote Republican?
The most recent presidential election in which Columbia, MO, Missouri voted Republican was 2016.
How many people live in Columbia, MO, Missouri?
Columbia, MO, Missouri has a population of 215,014 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Columbia, MO, Missouri?
Median household income in Columbia, MO, Missouri is $72,269 — below the national median of $80,734. The Missouri state median is $70,702.
What is the political history of Columbia, MO, Missouri?
Akashic tracks 34 presidential elections in Columbia, MO, Missouri from 1892 to 2024. Of those, 27 went Democratic and 7 went Republican.
