congressional districtCalifornia 31st Congressional District
presidential margin
2004–2024 · Democratic minus Republican
2004D+4.9
2008D+19.4
2012D+21.7
2016D+28.7
2020D+25.3
2024D+12.2
net swing · 2004→2024D+7.3D+4.9 → D+12.2
vs. U.S. · 2024D+13.7D+12.2 vs R+1.5
presidential returns
2024 turnout 58.7% of 497,194 citizens 18+
Year
Democrat
Republican
Others
Total
CVAP
Turnout
2024
159,444
123,752
8,790
291,986
497,194
58.7%
2020
202,749
119,480
6,879
329,108
495,019†
66.5%
2016
157,608
84,032
14,790
256,430
475,991†
53.9%
2012
143,355
91,190
6,018
240,563
444,139†
54.2%
2008
145,093
97,799
760
243,652
422,932†
57.6%
2004
125,017
113,098
2,820
240,935
401,725†
60.0%
† Citizen voting-age population estimated for prior cycles from the constituent-county ACS trend anchored to the current figure. Source: ACS 5-year, table B05003.
——
D+60R+60
20042024
District by 2024 margin · Precinct returns · VEST · MIT Election Lab
People and households
Who lives here
Exact values for this place, its state, and the United States.
Race · ethnicity · ancestry
Communities and origins
GroupCA-31CaliforniaUnited States
Mexican41.3%32.3%11.3%
Salvadoran5.4%2.0%0.7%
Guatemalan3.5%1.3%0.5%
Honduran0.7%—0.3%
Puerto Rican0.6%0.6%1.8%
Nicaraguan0.5%0.3%—
Cuban0.5%—0.7%
Colombian0.5%0.3%0.4%
German5.0%6.8%12.5%
Irish4.4%5.9%9.4%
English4.4%6.3%9.5%
American3.6%2.8%5.3%
Italian2.9%3.4%4.8%
Armenian2.3%——
Polish1.3%0.9%2.2%
French1.2%1.3%1.6%
Chinese5.6%3.9%1.3%
Filipino4.4%3.3%0.9%
Korean2.5%1.2%0.4%
Asian Indian1.3%2.3%1.4%
Vietnamese1.3%1.7%0.6%
Japanese1.1%0.6%0.2%
Taiwanese0.5%0.3%—
Cambodian0.4%——
African American†3.1%4.4%9.9%
African0.2%0.3%0.5%
Aztec15.1%0.3%—
Maya9.1%——
Samoan3.0%——
Hispanic or Latino counts residents of any race; the race groups count only their non-Hispanic residents, so the groups are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%. Expand a row to see ancestries reported within that group.
Age and life stage
Measure
CA-31
California
United States
Median age
38
37.9
39.1
Age 18–24
8.9%
9.1%
9.2%
Age 65 and older
15.2%
15.6%
17.2%
Household economy
Measure
CA-31
California
United States
Median household income
$92,169
$99,122
$84,427
Poverty rate
11.6%
12.0%
12.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher (25+)
35.9%
36.6%
35.6%
Languages at home
Measure
CA-31
California
United States
Speaks a non-English language at home
55.0%
44.4%
22.3%
Spanish
37.6%
28.4%
13.6%
Other Indo-European
4.1%
3.4%
2.0%
Chinese (incl. Mandarin & Cantonese)
4.1%
3.5%
1.1%
Tagalog (incl. Filipino)
2.3%
2.1%
0.6%
Religious landscape
Measure
CA-31
California
United States
Catholic
—
26.2%
18.6%
Evangelical Protestant
—
9.0%
16.5%
Unclaimed / not counted
—
55.2%
51.5%
American Community Survey 2024 5-year (CVAP, income, age, poverty, education, language, race, ancestry) · presidential returns from MIT Election Lab through 2024 · 2020 U.S. Religion Census (ASARB) — congregational adherents; unclaimed is the residual not counted by congregations.
California 31st Congressional District
presidential history
Presidential margin, 2004–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over time
Year
Margin (D minus R)
2004
+4.9%
2008
+19.4%
2012
+21.7%
2016
+28.7%
2020
+25.3%
2024
+12.2%
DemocraticRepublican
6 presidential elections
Third column names the leading third-party or independent finisher. Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024). Swing · margin change from the prior cycle. vs U.S. · margin relative to the national result that year. Third-party votes in 2012 are allocated from certified county totals by this place's share of each county's two-party vote — that cycle's precinct source records two-party splits. † 2004, 2024 sub-county results are estimated: the source's block-level detail for these cycles was unreliable — either county/municipality-level consolidated reporting (COVID-era) or a precinct-to-block allocation that misplaced votes — so the figures are allocated from the constituent county totals in proportion to the place and scaled to certified totals.
Federal officeholders only. State and local officeholders are planned for the next data pass.
Congressional elections · 25 House races · 17 Senate races
U.S. House
Each result reflects the U.S. House district as it was drawn for that election; redistricting has redrawn these lines over time, so they can differ from the current 120th-Congress district shown on the map above.
Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), House. CC-BY 4.0.
Year
District
Won
Democratic
Republican
Total
2024
31
D
59.7%148,095
40.3%99,856
247,951
2022
31
D
59.5%91,472
40.5%62,153
153,625
2020
31
D
61.3%175,315
38.7%110,735
286,050
2018
31
D
58.7%110,143
41.3%77,352
187,495
2016
31
D
56.1%121,070
43.9%94,866
215,936
2014
31
D
51.7%51,622
48.3%48,162
99,784
2012
31
R
0.0%0
100.0%161,219
161,219
2010
31
D
83.8%76,363
16.2%14,740
91,106
2008
31
D
100.0%110,955
0.0%0
110,955
2006
31
D
100.0%64,952
0.0%0
64,952
2004
31
D
80.2%89,363
19.8%22,048
111,411
2002
31
D
81.2%54,569
18.8%12,674
67,243
2000
31
D
79.4%89,600
0.0%0
112,914
1998
31
D
70.0%61,173
22.6%19,786
87,360
1996
31
D
67.5%69,285
28.0%28,705
102,690
1994
31
D
59.1%50,541
40.9%34,926
85,467
1992
31
D
62.6%68,324
37.4%40,873
109,197
1990
31
D
67.1%56,394
32.9%27,593
83,987
1988
31
D
71.6%100,919
25.5%36,017
141,027
1986
31
D
70.3%77,126
27.6%30,322
109,781
1984
31
D
70.7%100,658
29.3%41,691
142,349
1982
31
D
72.4%86,718
27.6%33,043
119,761
1980
31
D
64.4%69,146
35.6%38,203
107,349
1978
31
D
67.8%55,667
32.2%26,490
82,157
1976
31
D
100.0%83,155
0.0%0
83,155
U.S. Senate
The statewide Senate race, counted in this district — aggregated from the precinct-level returns that fall inside its boundaries (not a statewide figure).
Votes · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL) precinct returns (CC BY 4.0); aggregated to the district over VEST precinct geometry (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Total
2024
D
54.6%148,163
45.4%123,211
271,374
2022
D
61.1%6,621,621
38.9%4,222,029
10,843,650
2018
D
100.0%11,113,364
0.0%0
11,113,364
2016
D
100.0%12,244,170
0.0%0
12,244,170
2012
D
62.5%7,864,624
37.5%4,713,887
12,578,511
2010
D
52.2%5,218,441
42.2%4,217,366
10,000,093
2006
D
59.4%5,076,289
35.0%2,990,822
8,541,150
2004
D
57.7%6,955,728
37.8%4,555,922
12,053,242
2000
D
55.8%5,932,522
36.6%3,886,853
10,623,608
1998
D
53.1%4,410,056
43.0%3,575,078
8,311,905
1994
D
46.7%3,979,152
44.8%3,817,025
8,513,916
1992
D
47.9%5,173,467
43.0%4,644,182
10,799,436
1988
R
44.0%4,287,253
52.8%5,143,409
9,743,547
1986
D
49.3%3,646,672
47.9%3,541,804
7,398,462
1982
R
44.8%3,494,968
51.5%4,022,565
7,805,450
1980
D
56.5%4,704,098
37.1%3,091,671
8,324,012
1976
R
46.9%3,502,862
50.2%3,748,973
7,470,586
2024 U.S. Senate — every candidate counted in this district
Adam B Schiff · Democrat54.6%148,163
Steve Garvey · Republican45.4%123,211
California's 31st district covers a dense stretch of the eastern San Gabriel Valley with a majority-Latino and Asian-American electorate, producing a modest Democratic lean that has narrowed as the region's suburban composition continues to shift.
Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of 28.7 points in 2016. Between 2020 and 2024 the district moved 13.1 points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was 12.2 points.
A population of 758,317, a 19% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $92,169 describe the district. The district's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Congressional District 38 and Congressional District 35.
Akashic
Political twins — districts
The congressional districts whose fingerprint — 2000–2024 trajectory, demographics, ancestry, religion — sits closest to this one, and why.
Twin score (0–100) = weighted cosine between tier-standardized fingerprints: presidential margins 2000–2024 with 12-yr trend and elasticity, ACS income, age, education, population and race, top reported ancestries, and religious adherence — chips name the closest-shared dimensions and the widest gap. Re-weight the groups in the twins explorer.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
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California 31st Congressional District. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cd/0631/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
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How did California 31st Congressional District vote in 2024?
In 2024, California 31st Congressional District voted Democratic by 12.2 points (D+12.2), carried by the Democratic candidate. Out of 291,986 votes cast, 159,444 went Democratic and 123,752 went Republican.
How many people live in California 31st Congressional District?
California 31st Congressional District has a population of 758,317 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in California 31st Congressional District?
Median household income in California 31st Congressional District is $92,169 — above the national median of $80,734. The California state median is $99,122.
What is the political history of California 31st Congressional District?
Akashic tracks 6 presidential elections in California 31st Congressional District from 2004 to 2024. Of those, 6 went Democratic and 0 went Republican.
