† Citizen voting-age population estimated for prior cycles; 2004 predates the ACS and is extrapolated. Source: ACS 5-year, table B05003.
——
D+60R+60
6 counties by 2024 margin · County returns · MIT Election Lab
People and households
Who lives here
Exact values for this place, its state, and the United States.
Race · ethnicity · ancestry
Communities and origins
GroupCleveland, OHOhioUnited States
German18.4%22.3%12.5%
Irish13.2%12.3%9.4%
Italian9.1%5.8%4.8%
English8.8%11.0%9.5%
Polish6.6%3.2%2.2%
American3.8%5.6%5.3%
Hungarian2.9%——
Slovak1.5%——
African American†17.0%10.5%9.9%
African0.5%0.6%0.5%
Nigerian0.2%—0.2%
Puerto Rican3.6%1.2%1.8%
Mexican1.6%2.0%11.3%
Cuban0.2%—0.7%
Dominican0.2%—0.7%
Asian Indian0.9%0.8%1.4%
Chinese0.5%0.4%1.3%
Filipino0.2%0.2%0.9%
Hispanic or Latino counts residents of any race; the race groups count only their non-Hispanic residents, so the groups are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%. Expand a row to see ancestries reported within that group.
Age and life stage
Measure
Cleveland, OH
Ohio
United States
Median age
41.6
39.8
39.1
Age 18–24
8.1%
8.9%
9.2%
Age 65 and older
20.1%
18.3%
17.2%
Household economy
Measure
Cleveland, OH
Ohio
United States
Median household income
$71,710
$71,389
$84,427
Poverty rate
13.5%
13.3%
12.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher (25+)
34.1%
31.6%
35.6%
Languages at home
Measure
Cleveland, OH
Ohio
United States
Speaks a non-English language at home
10.3%
8.0%
22.3%
Spanish
3.9%
2.7%
13.6%
Russian, Polish, or other Slavic
1.3%
0.4%
0.7%
Other Indo-European
1.5%
1.2%
2.0%
Religious landscape
Measure
Cleveland, OH
Ohio
United States
Catholic
25.4%
15.4%
18.6%
Evangelical Protestant
15.1%
19.5%
16.5%
Unclaimed / not counted
45.4%
52.2%
51.5%
Mainline Protestant
5.8%
7.0%
5.2%
American Community Survey 2024 5-year (CVAP, income, age, poverty, education, language, race, ancestry) · presidential returns from MIT Election Lab through 2024 · 2020 U.S. Religion Census (ASARB) — congregational adherents; unclaimed is the residual not counted by congregations.
Cleveland, OH
presidential history
Presidential margin, 1892–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over time
Year
Margin (D minus R)
1892
−7.3%
1896
−14.9%
1900
−13.0%
1904
−41.7%
1908
−20.0%
1912
+24.4%
1916
+11.2%
1920
−35.4%
1924
−43.2%
1928
−15.2%
1932
+1.0%
1936
+32.6%
1940
+18.8%
1944
+15.2%
1948
+5.1%
1952
−5.1%
1956
−11.7%
1960
+13.9%
1964
+39.1%
1968
+13.5%
1972
−7.4%
1976
+12.0%
1980
+1.3%
1984
+2.7%
1988
+9.2%
1992
+15.4%
1996
+22.0%
2000
+16.6%
2004
+19.9%
2008
+24.6%
2012
+23.7%
2016
+14.4%
2020
+12.8%
2024
+9.5%
DemocraticRepublican
34 presidential elections
Third column names the leading third-party or independent finisher. Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024). Swing · margin change from the prior cycle. vs U.S. · margin relative to the national result that year.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Other
Margin
Swing
vs U.S.
Total
D
54.3%Harris580,795
44.8%Trump479,193
0.5%Oliver4,820 +3
D+9.5
R+3.3
D+11.0
1,069,419
All 6 candidates in 2024 · 4 minor / independent
Kamala D HarrisDemocratic54.3%580,795
Donald J TrumpRepublican44.8%479,193
Chase OliverNonpartisan0.5%4,820
Richard DuncanNonpartisan0.2%2,162
Peter SonskiNonpartisan0.2%1,685
OtherAll other candidates0.1%764
D
55.8%Biden624,855
43.0%Trump481,128
1.2%
D+12.8
R+1.5
D+8.4
1,119,609
D
54.1%Clinton576,945
39.7%Trump423,639
6.1%
D+14.4
R+9.3
D+12.3
1,065,950
D
60.7%Obama668,664
37.1%Romney408,114
2.2%
D+23.7
R+1.0
D+19.8
1,101,116
D
61.5%Obama691,054
36.9%McCain414,324
1.5%
D+24.6
D+4.8
D+17.4
1,122,773
D
59.7%Kerry666,704
39.8%Bush444,600
0.5%
D+19.9
D+3.3
D+22.3
1,117,069
D
56.3%Gore528,012
39.7%Bush372,509
4.0%
D+16.6
R+5.4
D+16.1
938,481
D
55.1%Clinton497,498
33.1%Dole298,750
11.8%
D+22.0
D+6.6
D+13.5
902,970
D
47.1%Clinton475,496
31.7%Bush320,299
21.1%
D+15.4
D+6.2
D+9.8
1,008,983
D
54.1%Dukakis500,583
45.0%Bush415,767
0.9%
D+9.2
D+6.4
D+16.9
924,605
D
50.9%Mondale497,502
48.1%Reagan470,788
1.0%
D+2.7
D+1.4
D+21.0
978,074
D
46.3%Carter424,091
44.9%Reagan411,734
8.8%
D+1.3
R+10.6
D+11.1
916,915
D
54.5%Carter489,890
42.6%Ford382,398
2.9%
D+12.0
D+19.3
D+9.9
898,484
R
45.2%McGovern414,851
52.6%Nixon482,479
2.2%
R+7.4
R+20.9
D+15.8
917,504
D
51.3%Humphrey467,871
37.8%Nixon344,497
10.9%
D+13.5
R+25.6
D+14.2
911,521
D
69.6%Johnson638,263
30.4%Goldwater279,228
0.0%
D+39.1
D+25.2
D+16.5
917,491
D
57.0%Kennedy543,415
43.0%Nixon410,475
0.0%
D+13.9
D+25.7
D+13.8
953,890
R
44.1%Stevenson375,428
55.9%Eisenhower475,122
0.0%
R+11.7
R+6.6
D+3.7
850,550
R
47.5%Stevenson391,456
52.5%Eisenhower433,366
0.0%
R+5.1
R+10.2
D+5.7
824,822
D
51.0%Truman310,852
45.9%Dewey279,864
3.2%
D+5.1
R+10.1
D+0.6
610,039
D
57.6%Roosevelt391,212
42.4%Dewey288,238
0.0%
D+15.2
R+3.7
D+7.7
679,450
D
59.4%Roosevelt409,851
40.6%Willkie279,934
0.0%
D+18.8
R+13.7
D+8.9
689,785
D
62.8%Roosevelt371,991
30.3%Landon179,167
6.9%
D+32.6
D+31.6
D+8.3
592,163
D
48.2%Roosevelt230,908
47.2%Hoover226,259
4.7%
D+1.0
D+16.2
R+16.8
479,555
R
42.0%Smith193,307
57.1%Hoover263,258
0.9%
R+15.2
D+28.0
D+2.3
460,685
R
9.9%Davis33,553
53.1%Coolidge179,856
37.0%
R+43.2
R+7.8
R+18.0
338,737
R
30.1%Cox91,483
65.4%Harding199,114
4.5%
R+35.4
R+46.6
R+9.2
304,335
D
53.4%Wilson91,422
42.2%Hughes72,210
4.5%
D+11.2
R+13.2
D+8.1
171,289
O
39.2%Wilson55,792
14.8%Taft21,035
46.1%
Roosevelt +6.9
D+44.4
D+4.9
142,447
R
37.2%Bryan53,951
57.2%Taft82,914
5.6%
R+20.0
D+21.7
R+10.4
144,987
R
24.3%Parker31,481
66.0%Roosevelt85,492
9.7%
R+41.7
R+28.7
R+22.0
129,578
R
42.2%Bryan56,077
55.2%McKinley73,323
2.7%
R+13.0
D+1.9
R+5.4
132,929
R
41.9%Bryan51,266
56.8%McKinley69,436
1.2%
R+14.9
R+7.6
R+8.8
122,211
R
43.9%Cleveland40,024
51.3%Harrison46,685
4.8%
R+7.3
—
R+9.0
91,084
Congressional elections · 3 Senate races
U.S. Senate
Source · MIT Election Lab (MEDSL), Senate. CC-BY 4.0.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Total
2024
D
57.3%603,747
39.9%420,538
1,054,169
2022
D
57.3%439,284
42.5%326,374
767,070
2018
D
63.8%537,160
36.2%304,333
841,607
voter registration
Registered voters
Total registered voters, over time
Registered voters
Voter registration in Cleveland, OH
Year
Total registered
2016
1,499,169
2018
1,529,942
2020
1,530,584
2022
1,522,861
2024
1,545,988
domestic migration
Who moves in and out
Net domestic migration over time
−178 net domestic migration · 2025
20112025
Net −105,331 over 2011–2025 · gain loss
Domestic migration in Cleveland, OH in Cleveland, OH: net domestic migration by year
Year
Net domestic migration
2011
−12,592
2012
−10,557
2013
−4,645
2014
−7,788
2015
−10,893
2016
−9,785
2017
−8,434
2018
−7,512
2019
−7,557
2021
−10,942
2022
−7,503
2023
−3,658
2024
−3,287
2025
−178
Greater Cleveland's electoral math turns on the gap between Cuyahoga County's dense urban core and its ring of historically competitive inner suburbs, making countywide margins a reliable bellwether for statewide contests.
Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of 39.1 points in 1964 and a Republican high of 43.2 points in 1924. Between 2020 and 2024 the metro moved 3.3 points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was 9.5 points.
A population of 2,171,526, a 68% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $71,710 describe the metro. The metro's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD and Akron, OH.
Akashic
Political twins — metros
The metros whose fingerprint — 2000–2024 trajectory, demographics, ancestry, religion — sits closest to this one, and why.
Twin score (0–100) = weighted cosine between tier-standardized fingerprints: presidential margins 2000–2024 with 12-yr trend and elasticity, ACS income, age, education, population and race, top reported ancestries, and religious adherence — chips name the closest-shared dimensions and the widest gap. Re-weight the groups in the twins explorer.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
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Cleveland, OH, Ohio. Akashic. https://akashic.app/cbsa/17410/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
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In 2024, Cleveland, OH, Ohio voted Democratic by 9.5 points (D+9.5), carried by the Democratic candidate. Out of 1,069,419 votes cast, 580,795 went Democratic and 479,193 went Republican.
When did Cleveland, OH, Ohio last vote Republican?
The most recent presidential election in which Cleveland, OH, Ohio voted Republican was 1972.
How many people live in Cleveland, OH, Ohio?
Cleveland, OH, Ohio has a population of 2,171,526 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Cleveland, OH, Ohio?
Median household income in Cleveland, OH, Ohio is $71,710 — below the national median of $80,734. The Ohio state median is $71,389.
What is the political history of Cleveland, OH, Ohio?
Akashic tracks 34 presidential elections in Cleveland, OH, Ohio from 1892 to 2024. Of those, 22 went Democratic and 11 went Republican.
