† Citizen voting-age population estimated for prior cycles; 2004 predates the ACS and is extrapolated. Source: ACS 5-year, table B05003.
——
D+60R+60
20 counties by 2024 margin · County returns · MIT Election Lab
People and households
Who lives here
Exact values for this place, its state, and the United States.
Race · ethnicity · ancestry
Communities and origins
GroupHoustonTexasUnited States
Mexican26.0%32.1%11.3%
Salvadoran2.8%1.2%0.7%
Honduran1.7%0.8%0.3%
Cuban0.9%0.5%0.7%
Venezuelan0.9%——
Puerto Rican0.8%0.8%1.8%
Guatemalan0.8%0.4%0.5%
Colombian0.7%0.3%0.4%
German7.2%8.3%12.5%
English6.8%7.9%9.5%
Irish5.0%6.0%9.4%
American3.7%4.6%5.3%
Italian2.0%1.9%4.8%
French1.6%1.5%1.6%
Scottish1.0%1.3%1.3%
Polish0.9%0.8%2.2%
African American†14.4%10.3%9.9%
Nigerian0.9%0.4%0.2%
African0.7%0.6%0.5%
Jamaican0.2%—0.4%
Asian Indian2.1%1.8%1.4%
Vietnamese1.9%1.0%0.6%
Chinese1.4%0.8%1.3%
Filipino0.8%0.5%0.9%
Pakistani0.7%0.3%—
Korean0.3%0.3%0.4%
Hispanic or Latino counts residents of any race; the race groups count only their non-Hispanic residents, so the groups are mutually exclusive and sum to 100%. Expand a row to see ancestries reported within that group.
Age and life stage
Measure
Houston
Texas
United States
Median age
35.7
35.7
39.1
Age 18–24
9.2%
9.7%
9.2%
Age 65 and older
12.6%
13.5%
17.2%
Household economy
Measure
Houston
Texas
United States
Median household income
$82,767
$78,476
$84,427
Poverty rate
14.0%
13.8%
12.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher (25+)
35.3%
33.6%
35.6%
Languages at home
Measure
Houston
Texas
United States
Speaks a non-English language at home
39.1%
35.2%
22.3%
Spanish
29.1%
28.2%
13.6%
Other Indo-European
2.4%
1.7%
2.0%
Chinese (incl. Mandarin & Cantonese)
1.3%
0.7%
1.1%
Vietnamese
1.7%
0.9%
0.5%
Religious landscape
Measure
Houston
Texas
United States
Catholic
18.3%
20.1%
18.6%
Evangelical Protestant
23.7%
23.5%
16.5%
Unclaimed / not counted
45.4%
45.2%
51.5%
American Community Survey 2024 5-year (CVAP, income, age, poverty, education, language, race, ancestry) · presidential returns from MIT Election Lab through 2024 · 2020 U.S. Religion Census (ASARB) — congregational adherents; unclaimed is the residual not counted by congregations.
Houston, Texas
presidential history
Presidential margin, 1912–2024
Democratic minus Republican, by election
Presidential margin over time
Year
Margin (D minus R)
1912
+56.4%
1916
+44.9%
1920
+21.1%
1924
+46.3%
1928
+3.5%
1932
+73.7%
1936
+75.7%
1940
+57.2%
1944
+57.4%
1948
+19.3%
1952
−11.5%
1956
−21.7%
1960
−1.2%
1964
+23.6%
1968
−0.8%
1972
−26.8%
1976
−1.7%
1980
−18.2%
1984
−24.8%
1988
−14.8%
1992
−6.1%
1996
−7.3%
2000
−18.1%
2004
−18.6%
2008
−9.6%
2012
−13.5%
2016
−3.7%
2020
−1.6%
2024
−9.3%
DemocraticRepublican
34 presidential elections
Third column names the leading third-party or independent finisher. Source · MIT Election Lab · ICPSR · VEST (precinct-level 2024). Swing · margin change from the prior cycle. vs U.S. · margin relative to the national result that year.
Year
Won
Democratic
Republican
Other
Margin
Swing
vs U.S.
Total
R
44.5%Harris1,248,751
53.9%Trump1,509,908
0.9%Stein26,555 +2
R+9.3
R+7.7
R+7.8
2,803,366
All 5 candidates in 2024 · 3 minor / independent
Donald J TrumpRepublican53.9%1,509,908
Kamala D HarrisDemocratic44.5%1,248,751
Jill SteinIndependent0.9%26,555
Chase OliverLibertarian0.6%16,367
OtherAll other candidates0.1%1,785
R
48.5%Biden1,368,169
50.1%Trump1,414,630
1.4%
R+1.6
D+2.1
R+6.1
2,821,753
R
46.0%Clinton1,022,964
49.7%Trump1,105,117
4.2%
R+3.7
D+9.8
R+5.8
2,222,385
R
42.6%Obama846,377
56.1%Romney1,114,427
1.3%
R+13.5
R+3.9
R+17.4
1,986,124
R
44.8%Obama864,354
54.4%McCain1,049,461
0.8%
R+9.6
D+9.0
R+16.9
1,928,341
R
40.4%Kerry703,508
59.0%Bush1,027,880
0.6%
R+18.6
R+0.5
R+16.2
1,742,632
R
39.7%Gore610,006
57.8%Bush888,163
2.5%
R+18.1
R+10.7
R+18.6
1,537,057
R
43.1%Clinton565,955
50.5%Dole662,428
6.4%
R+7.3
R+1.3
R+15.9
1,312,887
R
37.0%Clinton524,798
43.0%Bush610,878
20.0%
R+6.1
D+8.7
R+11.6
1,419,521
R
42.2%Dukakis507,666
56.9%Bush685,614
0.9%
R+14.8
D+10.0
R+7.0
1,204,311
R
37.5%Mondale470,237
62.3%Reagan781,881
0.3%
R+24.8
R+6.7
R+6.6
1,255,489
R
39.0%Carter397,703
57.2%Reagan582,842
3.8%
R+18.2
R+16.5
R+8.4
1,019,410
R
48.7%Carter460,982
50.4%Ford476,965
0.9%
R+1.7
D+25.1
R+3.8
946,053
R
36.4%McGovern285,368
63.1%Nixon495,167
0.5%
R+26.8
R+26.0
R+3.6
784,161
R
39.6%Humphrey260,166
40.3%Nixon265,170
20.1%
R+0.8
R+24.4
R+0.1
657,584
D
61.7%Johnson331,463
38.1%Goldwater204,529
0.2%
D+23.6
D+24.9
D+1.0
537,161
R
48.3%Kennedy223,462
49.5%Nixon229,126
2.3%
R+1.2
D+20.4
R+1.4
463,079
R
38.4%Stevenson143,298
60.0%Eisenhower224,216
1.6%
R+21.7
R+10.1
R+6.3
373,631
R
44.2%Stevenson169,541
55.7%Eisenhower213,726
0.1%
R+11.5
R+30.8
R+0.8
383,726
D
51.4%Truman99,175
32.1%Dewey61,899
16.6%
D+19.3
R+38.1
D+14.8
193,057
D
68.8%Roosevelt117,593
11.4%Dewey19,451
19.9%
D+57.4
D+0.2
D+49.9
171,018
D
78.5%Roosevelt124,066
21.3%Willkie33,693
0.1%
D+57.2
R+18.5
D+47.3
157,969
D
87.7%Roosevelt98,954
12.0%Landon13,493
0.4%
D+75.7
D+2.0
D+51.4
112,887
D
86.5%Roosevelt94,526
12.8%Hoover14,027
0.7%
D+73.7
D+70.2
D+55.9
109,275
D
51.7%Smith46,600
48.2%Hoover43,454
0.2%
D+3.5
R+42.8
D+21.0
90,192
D
69.7%Davis54,674
23.4%Coolidge18,382
6.9%
D+46.3
D+25.2
D+71.4
78,461
D
47.2%Cox29,241
26.2%Harding16,197
26.6%
D+21.1
R+23.9
D+47.3
61,934
D
70.3%Wilson27,698
25.3%Hughes9,985
4.4%
D+44.9
R+11.5
D+41.8
39,422
D
68.8%Wilson21,233
12.4%Taft3,820
18.8%
D+56.4
—
D+36.9
30,853
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voter registration
Registered voters
Total registered voters, over time
Registered voters
Voter registration in Houston
Year
Total registered
2016
3,672,668
2018
3,780,508
2020
4,150,516
2022
4,349,408
2024
4,605,530
domestic migration
Who moves in and out
Net domestic migration over time
+9,069 net domestic migration · 2025
20112025
Net +423,890 over 2011–2025 · gain loss
Domestic migration in Houston in Houston: net domestic migration by year
Year
Net domestic migration
2011
+23,534
2012
+38,487
2013
+55,682
2014
+67,695
2015
+64,927
2016
+29,438
2017
−6,958
2018
−8,022
2019
+8,944
2021
+31,236
2022
+41,890
2023
+45,974
2024
+21,994
2025
+9,069
The Houston media market anchors the country's most ethnically diverse major metro, where Latino, Asian-American, and Black voters together outnumber non-Hispanic white voters — a demographic tilt that has steadily compressed Republican margins in Harris County since 2016.
Across the recorded series it reached a Democratic high of 75.7 points in 1936 and a Republican high of 26.8 points in 1972. Between 2020 and 2024 the market moved 7.7 points toward the Republican candidate; the 2024 margin was 9.3 points.
A population of 7,791,979, a 34% non-Hispanic-white share, and a median household income of $82,767 describe the market. The market's voting pattern over the last decade is most similar to that of Dallas-Fort Worth and San Antonio.
Akashic
Political twins — media markets
The media markets whose fingerprint — 2000–2024 trajectory, demographics, ancestry, religion — sits closest to this one, and why.
Twin score (0–100) = weighted cosine between tier-standardized fingerprints: presidential margins 2000–2024 with 12-yr trend and elasticity, ACS income, age, education, population and race, top reported ancestries, and religious adherence — chips name the closest-shared dimensions and the widest gap. Re-weight the groups in the twins explorer.
Compare two places, side by side
Twelve curated comparisons line up election history, demographics, and the divergence story for two places at a glance. Browse all comparisons →
Cite this page
All citations released under CC BY 4.0. Attribution: Akashic Intelligence.
Houston, Texas. Akashic. https://akashic.app/dma/618/. Accessed May 20, 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.
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In 2024, Houston, Texas voted Republican by 9.3 points (R+9.3), carried by the Republican candidate. Out of 2,803,366 votes cast, 1,248,751 went Democratic and 1,509,908 went Republican.
When did Houston, Texas last vote Democratic?
The most recent presidential election in which Houston, Texas voted Democratic was 1964.
How many people live in Houston, Texas?
Houston, Texas has a population of 7,791,979 according to the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates from the US Census Bureau.
What is the median household income in Houston, Texas?
Median household income in Houston, Texas is $82,767 — above the national median of $80,734. The Texas state median is $78,476.
What is the political history of Houston, Texas?
Akashic tracks 34 presidential elections in Houston, Texas from 1892 to 2024. Of those, 11 went Democratic and 18 went Republican.
